Printable - The "Age Of Fishes"

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They looked upon it as a sort of missing link in the evolutionary series between the sharks of ancient lineage and the highly specialized bony fishes of the present era. Actually there is a vast difference between the groups even though, like the shark, the paddlefish has a gristly, cartilaginous skeleton. Time was when fish of the Polyodon type-known as ganoids-ruled all the waters. This was during the Palaeozoic times, the "Age of Fishes." Most of the ganoids of those days wore heavy, armor-plate-like scales, but as better models developed, these heavybodied fishes gave way to the faster and more aggressive kinds. Only eight genera of ganoid fishes have survived to the present day; living for the most part in fresh-water areas. Curiously, Polyodon has the peculiar shark-like look. It should not be surprising then that when in 1792 the paddlefish was first made known to the scientific world, it was described as a shark.

Johann Julius Walbaum, just a bit more than a hundred and fifty years ago, originally named it Squalus spathula, and the genus Squalus in those days meant shark. The specific name spathula obviously refers to the broad spatula or spoon-shaped snout. The zoological position of the spoonbill was still confused in 1820, for in that year Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, a professor in Transylvania College, wrote a book on the fishes of the Ohio River based upon his own explorations and observations, and he insisted that there were not just one but three, shark-like fishes in the Ohio. Later-day ichthyologists agreed that Rafinesque's powers of imagination were greater than his accuracy. Polyodon spathula remains the single representative of its kind in the New World. The sturgeons are its nearest living kin.

Just beyond the sturgeons are the bowfins and garpikes. After all those, come the more familiar bony or teleost fishes like trout, minnows and perches. In the early days, before the Mississippi Valley was radically changed by hydroelectric plants and by industrial enterprises, huge paddlefish six feet long, weighing more than 150 pounds and measuring four feet in girth, were common. Today the run of the stream type weighs about fifteen pounds. They have a wandering disposition and travel to all sections of the enormous Mississippi River system. They are powerful swimmers, and are often found in midstream where the current runs the fastest. They are sought in the larger bodies of water of southern bayous, lowland streams and river channels. In the spring, they apparently migrate to headwater tributaries and interconnecting water areas.

They looked upon it as a sort of missing link in the evolutionary series between the sharks of ancient lineage and the highly specialized bony fishes of the present era. Actually there is a vast difference between the groups even though, like the shark, the paddlefish has a gristly, cartilaginous skeleton. Time was when fish of the Polyodon type-known as ganoids-ruled all the waters. This was during the Palaeozoic times, the "Age of Fishes." Most of the ganoids of those days wore heavy, armor-plate-like scales, but as better models developed, these heavybodied fishes gave way to the faster and more aggressive kinds. Only eight genera of ganoid fishes have survived to the present day; living for the most part in fresh-water areas. Curiously, Polyodon has the peculiar shark-like look. It should not be surprising then that when in 1792 the paddlefish was first made known to the scientific world, it was described as a shark.

Johann Julius Walbaum, just a bit more than a hundred and fifty years ago, originally named it Squalus spathula, and the genus Squalus in those days meant shark. The specific name spathula obviously refers to the broad spatula or spoon-shaped snout. The zoological position of the spoonbill was still confused in 1820, for in that year Constantine Samuel Rafinesque, a professor in Transylvania College, wrote a book on the fishes of the Ohio River based upon his own explorations and observations, and he insisted that there were not just one but three, shark-like fishes in the Ohio. Later-day ichthyologists agreed that Rafinesque's powers of imagination were greater than his accuracy. Polyodon spathula remains the single representative of its kind in the New World. The sturgeons are its nearest living kin.

Just beyond the sturgeons are the bowfins and garpikes. After all those, come the more familiar bony or teleost fishes like trout, minnows and perches. In the early days, before the Mississippi Valley was radically changed by hydroelectric plants and by industrial enterprises, huge paddlefish six feet long, weighing more than 150 pounds and measuring four feet in girth, were common. Today the run of the stream type weighs about fifteen pounds. They have a wandering disposition and travel to all sections of the enormous Mississippi River system. They are powerful swimmers, and are often found in midstream where the current runs the fastest. They are sought in the larger bodies of water of southern bayous, lowland streams and river channels. In the spring, they apparently migrate to headwater tributaries and interconnecting water areas.

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Printable - All About Anti-Aging Peptides - Why You Need Them In Your Skin Care Products

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Peptides are naturally occurring amino acids in your body just like proteins are. Peptides and proteins have in common the building blocks called amino acids.

The difference in these two is that a protein is a longer chain of amino acids than the peptides. Peptides have less than a number of 50 amino acids in their make up while proteins have more than that.

In your skin, the anti aging peptides work to increase the production of collagen. In return, the skin thickens and thus, the reduction of wrinkles.

How Are Peptides Going to Help?

The addition of anti aging peptides to natural skin care products can make a big difference in the collagen levels. Which anti aging peptides should you look for in natural skincare products?

Look for Dipeptide-2, a peptide made from the two amino acids called Valine and Tryptophan. Other anti aging peptides to look for in natural skincare products is Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-3.

With Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-3 there should be another ingredient called Palmitic Acid that is taken from a vegetable source.

There are other special anti aging peptides to look for in a natural skincare product as well. Palmitoyl Oligopeptide and Tetrapeptide-7 are natural lipoprotein peptides and are the ones responsible for stimulating the production of collagen and elastin.

You will need to make sure these are some of the ingredients in the natural skincare products you use. No matter what, however, will you ever see this kind of peptide action in any chemically enhanced product out there for skincare.

Chemicals are the Worst

The use of natural skincare products is going to make a big difference in how your skin looks and feels. By using products with natural ingredients, you are essentially feeding your skin what it needs to be able to function in its intended fashion.

When you put other skincare products on your skin that have chemicals in them, you are tearing down what nature has set into place.

Peptides are naturally occurring amino acids in your body just like proteins are. Peptides and proteins have in common the building blocks called amino acids.

The difference in these two is that a protein is a longer chain of amino acids than the peptides. Peptides have less than a number of 50 amino acids in their make up while proteins have more than that.

In your skin, the anti aging peptides work to increase the production of collagen. In return, the skin thickens and thus, the reduction of wrinkles.

How Are Peptides Going to Help?

The addition of anti aging peptides to natural skin care products can make a big difference in the collagen levels. Which anti aging peptides should you look for in natural skincare products?

Look for Dipeptide-2, a peptide made from the two amino acids called Valine and Tryptophan. Other anti aging peptides to look for in natural skincare products is Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-3.

With Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-3 there should be another ingredient called Palmitic Acid that is taken from a vegetable source.

There are other special anti aging peptides to look for in a natural skincare product as well. Palmitoyl Oligopeptide and Tetrapeptide-7 are natural lipoprotein peptides and are the ones responsible for stimulating the production of collagen and elastin.

You will need to make sure these are some of the ingredients in the natural skincare products you use. No matter what, however, will you ever see this kind of peptide action in any chemically enhanced product out there for skincare.

Chemicals are the Worst

The use of natural skincare products is going to make a big difference in how your skin looks and feels. By using products with natural ingredients, you are essentially feeding your skin what it needs to be able to function in its intended fashion.

When you put other skincare products on your skin that have chemicals in them, you are tearing down what nature has set into place.

Labome.com, A Laboratory Reagents And Services Portal, Now Combines Biomedical Reagent Database And Reagent Application Database From ExactAntigen.com

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Flow Cytometry

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